Maudu'i ne da kimiyya ke adawa da hankali da akasin haka. Kuma shi ne cewa a cikin tarihin kimiyya mun sami firistoci da yawa waɗanda, a cikin ƙarni, sun ba da gudummawa mai mahimmanci ga ci gaban kimiyya.
Tabbas idan muka shiga kimiyya da addini ɗaya daga cikin lambobi na farko da suka bayyana a zuciyarmu shine na Gregor Mendel (1822-1884). Wannan friar Augustinian dan Austriya ya rayu a karni na XNUMX kuma ya ayyana ainihin ka'idojin kwayoyin halitta. Shahararren karatunsa da wake a wannan fanni na kimiyya.
Franciscan, amma kamar yadda ya shahara, shi ne Roger Bacon (1214-1294), daya daga cikin magabatan hanyar kimiyya kuma wanda aka danganta kalmar zuwa gare shi: "Mathematics shine kofa da mabuɗin dukan kimiyya".
Nicholas Copernicus (1475-1543), daya daga cikin uban ilmin taurari na zamani, shi ma addini ne, musamman ma ya kasance canon na babin Frombork, wurin zama na bishop na Warmia, a Poland ta yau.
A gare shi muna bin ka'idar heliocentric, bisa ga yadda taurari ke kewaya rana, kuma an bayyana ta a cikin littafinsa 'Revolutionibus Orbium Coelestium' (1543). Duk da komai, Copernicus ba shine farkon wanda ya tabbatar da cewa Duniya tana kewaya rana ba, Aristachus ya ba da shawara fiye da shekaru dubu da suka gabata, amma shine farkon wanda ya nuna ta da lissafin lissafi.
Tun daga Big Bang zuwa ɗigon kwai
Wataƙila wanda ba a san shi sosai ba shine wanda ya kirkiro ka'idar Big Bang firist ɗan Belgium ne kuma memba na ƙungiyar Les amis de Jesús. Lambarsa ita ce Georges Lemaitre (1894-1966) kuma babban gudunmawar da ya bayar ga al'ummar kimiyya shine don kare cewa sararin samaniya yana fadada akwai asali.
Wani Bafaranshe Bafaranshe, Marin Mersenne (1588-1648), ya gano cewa sauti na tafiya da sauri ɗaya, ba tare da la'akari da tushen sa da kuma alkiblar da take bi ba. Babban gudunmawar da ya bayar ita ce samar da ra'ayi na 'al'umman kimiyya', wato sanin cewa ilimi da bincike dole ne su 'zazzage' kuma a raba su. Kuma shi ne, kamar yadda zai iya ba mu mamaki, wannan jin ba koyaushe ya kasance a tsakanin masana kimiyya ba.
René Just Haüy (1743-1822), masanin ma'adinai wanda a halin yanzu ake la'akari da mahaifin crystallography, shi ma Bature ne kuma firist. Wannan canon na Notre Dame ya shiga tare da Lavoisier da sauran masana wajen ƙirƙirar tsarin awo.
Firist, mataimakin manzo da bishop wasu mukamai ne da masanin kimiyyar Danish Nicholas Steno (1638-1686). Har ila yau a matsayin masanin ilimin kasa, babban masanin ilimin halittar jiki, batunsa na farko shi ne ya lura da follicle na ovarian, ya bayyana tafiyar da ke farawa daga glandar parotic -ductus Stenonia- da kuma nazarin ciwon zuciya wanda a halin yanzu ake la'akari da tetralogy na Fallot.
Limamin Lazzaro Spallanzani (1729-1799) shi ma masanin kimiyya ne wanda ya yi nesa da gano yadda jemagu ke fuskantar kansu kusan shekaru dari biyu bayan wani masanin kimiyya ya gano duban dan tayi. Shahararren karatunsa ne da jemage guda biyar, wadanda ya cire idanunsu ya 'yantar da su; A duk lokacin da daya daga cikin kwanakin da ya dawo, ya lura cewa, duk da yankan da aka yi, mun sami damar farautar kwari da tsira, don haka ya gano cewa waɗannan dabbobi masu shayarwa suna fuskantar ta hanyar ji.
Firistoci, masana kimiyya da Mutanen Espanya
A ƙasarmu kuma muna da wasu misalan limaman kimiyya. Babban masoyin botany shine Benedictine Cleric Rosendo Salvado Rotea (1814-1900). Ana danganta wannan addini, a tsakanin sauran cancantar, gabatarwar eucalyptus a Galicia.
Wanda aka fi sani da José Celestino Bruno Mutis y Bosio (1732-1808), limamin kadet, haka nan masanin ilimin botanist, mathematician, masanin ƙasa da likita wanda ya jagoranci balaguro zuwa Colombia (1783-1816). Bayan ya koma gaɓar teku, ya samar da kataloji mai ban sha'awa tare da zane-zane sama da 6.600 na shuke-shuke.
"Yawancin ruhu ya dogara da lafiyar jiki," in ji Fray Tomás de Berlanga (1487-1551), wanda ya gano tsibirin Galapagos kuma ya tsara abin da muka sani a yau a matsayin abincin Bahar Rum, fiye da sau ɗaya.
Pedro Gargantilla kwararre ne a Asibitin El Escorial (Madrid) kuma marubucin shahararrun littattafai.
