A kowace shekara ana yin watsi da tuddai biliyan 4.5 a cikin yanayi na yanayi, kuma ɗaya kawai daga cikinsu ya isa ya gurɓata har zuwa lita goma na ruwa, 50 a cikin yanayin ruwa mai daɗi, kamar yadda aka bayyana a ɗaya daga cikin rahotannin aikin Libera (SEO/ Birdlife da Ecoembes). Sharar da ke cikinta wanda zai iya ɗaukar matsakaicin shekaru goma kuma hakan ya zama ɗaya daga cikin manyan ƙalubalen (saboda rikitarwa) don sake amfani da su. Kashi 30% na sharar duniya, fiye da robobi, marufi ne.
Haɗari ga dorewa daga samfuran masana'anta da kansu, kamar cellulose acetate ko filayen filastik, waɗanda aka samo daga man fetur, wanda ba za a iya lalata shi ba. Yin tacewa waɗanda suka fi dacewa, masu dorewa har ma suna da kyawawan kaddarorin don kare lafiya ƙalubale ne ga sassan R&D na masana'antu,
Za a iya samun ragowar taba ko takarda ita kanta don sake yin amfani da taki da takin zamani ko a cikin kwali, yayin da kalubalen ya mayar da hankali kan aikin tacewa, tashar don wucewar abubuwa kamar tar ko potassium nitrate. Tare da bayanan baya a cikin ayyukan da aka yi a Amurka da Kanada ta Taba ta Amurka ta Biritaniya (BAT), Altadis ya sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar haɗin gwiwa tare da Jami'ar Extremadura don bincika sake amfani da matatun da aka yi amfani da su don kayan sauti (daga karatun da aka fara a 2014).
Valentin Gómez Escobar, a cikin dakin gwaje-gwajensa a UEx
Daga dakin gwaje-gwajensa, Valentin Gómez Escobar, farfesa a Sashen Nazarin Kimiyyar Kimiyya na Kwalejin Kimiyya da Fasaha ta Jami'ar Extremadura, ya bayyana ainihin aikin tawagar bincikensa wanda, baya ga taimakon kamfanin taba, yana da nasa. na Junta de Extremadura: "Muna da hanyar sinadarai don tsaftace bututun sigari, tare da diluted reagents sosai, tare da ruwa mai ɗauke da 0,02 sulfuric acid da ethanol (kayan ƙazantattun abubuwa masu gurɓata yanayi), waɗanda ke goyan bayan karatun kan abubuwan da ke tasiri a cikin hanyoyin sha.
Bidi'a a Ci gaba
Wannan bincike kuma yana nazarin yadda za a bi da sakamakon sharar gida don rufe 'da'irar nagarta' na dorewa kamar yadda zai yiwu... kuma akwai sauran lokaci na niyya masana'antu samar, riba, da m aikace-aikace (a cikin wannan harka a matsayin absorbent Acoustic). a matsayin madadin roda ko gilashin ulu). Bayan jerin matakai na rushewa, an kafa tsarin fibrous mai kama da juna, wanda ya dace da amfani. "Akwai kamfanoni (in ji mai binciken) da ke sha'awar samun damar yin aiki tare da shi nan gaba, kusan shekaru biyu ko uku."
Irin wannan aikin yana buƙatar ƙungiyoyi masu yawa, tare da haɗin gwiwar masu bincike daga sinadarai, kwamfuta ( sarrafa hoto), ƙididdiga (nau'in samfurori daban-daban) ko ilmin lissafi (don yin aiki akan ƙirar ka'idar) filayen, da kuma gwani a cikin kayan. . Ciki har da muhimmiyar gudummawar sabis na tsaftacewa na cibiyoyin jami'a, wanda ke ba wa ƙungiyar tarin sigari da aka ajiye a cikin toka.
sober ƙasa
A cikin yanayin 3DKala, haɗin gwiwa na farko a Spain wanda ke sake yin fa'ida ta sigari, wanda aka kafa a filin Fasaha na Álava kuma an ƙirƙira shi a cikin 2020, manufarsa ita ce sake sarrafa 1% na butts a cikin ƙasar Basque gaba ɗaya. Tsarin sake yin amfani da shi yana amfani da duk abubuwan da ke cikin sharar, ba tare da amfani da ruwa ba, don mayar da shi zuwa aikace-aikace masu amfani, tare da misalan da aka ƙara zuwa waɗanda aka riga aka ambata, kamar yadda ake amfani da filament da ake amfani da su a cikin tsarin bugawa na 3D ko, a ciki. al'amarin sauran kayan, don maganin kwari ko magungunan kashe qwari.
Mohammed Sidi, wanda shi ne wanda ya kafa 3DKala, ya jaddada muhimmancin aikin da aka yi a baya, wajen wayar da kan jama’a game da ajiya a rumbunan tokar domin amfanin jama’a (su ne suke samun gidajen da kansu), da kuma a cikin tarin... har ta kai ga Samfurin kasuwanci yana mai da hankali kan zamani a wannan bangare na ƙarshe, don samun isassun kayan aiki don gasa da shawarwari mai dorewa. "Yana da matukar muhimmanci (Sidi yayi sharhi) don hada hanyar sadarwar tattarawa, wanda shine dalilin da ya sa muke tattaunawa da majalisar birnin Vitoria don kafa jerin ashtrays, kuma muna yin hakan tare da gidan cin abinci na majalisar birni, tare da manyan kamfanoni. irin su Michelin, kamfanonin da ke fakin fasahar kanta, da dai sauransu."
A cikin wannan yanayi, Ma'aikatar Canjin Muhalli ta gabatar da shawarwarin jama'a da daftarin dokar ta Royal 'wanda ta kafa tsarin da ya dace na masu samar da sigari tare da tacewa da tacewa da aka tallata don amfani da kayayyakin taba' . Matakin da ya ƙunshi, a tsakanin wasu tanade-tanade, aikace-aikace na tsawaita wa'adin mulki na masu samarwa (RAP) ko ayyuka a cikin lamuran wayar da kai. Daftarin doka kan sharar gida da gurɓataccen ƙasa don Tattalin Arziki na Da'irar don guje wa lalacewar muhalli ga dabbobin ruwa, wanda yawan adadin sigari ya shafa da ke ƙarewa a cikin teku (75% na ragowar cin duniya ya ƙare a cikin yanayi).
Ayyuka irin su 'Basuraleza' ta Libera ko shigar da 'tawul ɗin takarda mai hankali' (wanda yake da damar 2.000 butts da babban ƙarfin haɗin gwiwa) a cikin garuruwa da birane sun fi son wannan 'rayuwa ta biyu' na butts kuma, ta hanyar tsawo, rayuwa mai tsawo. ga duka.
