Buga 3D wani bangare ne na fasahar da aka fi sani da masana'anta, wanda ta hanyar bambance-bambancen fasaha yana yiwuwa a ƙirƙira wani abu mai girma uku tare da software da hardware. Fasaha da ke ci gaba da girma kuma an shigar da shi sosai a matakin masana'antu, yana shawo kan ƙalubalen farko na scalability. "Ƙarin masana'antu ya kai ga dukkan sassan masana'antu da duk kayan aiki. Lokaci ne mai jan hankali sosai ga fannin,” in ji Juan Antonio García Manrique, darektan Cibiyar Zane da Masana'antu (IDF) na UPV. Ya kara da cewa "Ya fara shahara a shekarar 2015, lokacin da aka fitar da haƙƙin mallaka." Har zuwa lokacin, injinan suna da tsada sosai kuma ba su isa ga kamfanoni da jami'o'i da yawa.
Yanzu lamarin ya sha bamban sosai. “Fasahar tana da riba, an samar da manhajar kuma akwai kwararrun kwararru. Da zarar komai ya gudana, amfaninsa ya yi tashin gwauron zabi. Har ila yau, manufar zuba jari a masana'antu ya canza, a matakin Turai yana yiwuwa a zuba jari a cikin injuna masu tsada ", in ji Fernando Blaya, farfesa kuma mai bincike a Makarantar Fasaha na Injiniyan Masana'antu na UMP.
Yawancin fa'idodi waɗanda masana'anta ƙari ke kawowa. "Yana ba mu damar tafiya daga ƙirar ra'ayi zuwa masana'antu, muna rage sau zuwa kashi goma, musamman game da gyare-gyare. Kuma mafi kyawun abu shine cewa yana da dorewa gaba ɗaya, kuna amfani da kayan da kuke buƙata kawai. Bugu da kari, muna amfani da kayan da za a sake yin amfani da su da kuma sake amfani da su,” in ji García Manrique. A cikin cibiyar da ke aiki da na'urori kusan 20, mafi tsadar kuɗin Yuro 200.000, wanda ke ba da damar buga manyan sassa. "Tare da irin wannan nau'in kayan aiki muna yin sassan da ke da kayan aikin injiniya iri ɗaya kamar filastik na asali, wani abu da ba ya faruwa tare da ƙananan na'urori," in ji shi.
Blaya ya bayyana yuwuwar wannan fasaha, “samfurin ban mamaki na dama da ayyuka. Zuba hannun jari a fannin zai samar da tsarin samar da riba mai riba”. Ya tabbatar da cewa a cikin masana'antar "babu wata cibiyar zane da ba ta aiki kamar wannan. Buga 3D yana ba mu damar sake komawa masana'antar, muna sake yin gasa a Yamma. " A cikin yanayin Spain, ya yi imanin cewa a matakin ilimi muna a matakin farko kuma "akwai kamfanoni da yawa da suka fito a duk sassan yanki da ke iya samar da kayayyaki". Bugu da ƙari, manyan kamfanoni suna canza hanyar masana'anta ta hanyar buga 3D.
Akwai misalan nasara, kamfanoni waɗanda a cikin ƴan shekaru kaɗan suka kawo sauyi a fannin masana'antar ƙari a duniya. Daga cikin su, BCN3D, ɗan ƙasar Sipaniya da ke cikin Barcelona, wanda ke amfani da fasahar bugu na FDM/FFF 3D don narkar da kayan abu. Ƙirƙirar nau'i-nau'i mai girma uku ta Layer ta hanyar haɗin nau'in filaments na thermoplastic daban-daban waɗanda ke narkewa a wani zafin jiki ban da firintocin 3D, ƙera su da kansu don ƙirƙirar guntu na ƙarshe, samfuri, da sauransu. Xavier Martínez Faneca, babban manajan kamfanin ya ce "BCN3D yana cikin sashin ƙwararru, abokan cinikinmu masana'antun su ne a sassa daban-daban kamar na kera motoci, sararin samaniya, masu ƙirƙira samfura, masu ƙirƙira waɗanda ke amfani da bugu na 3D don haɓaka ƙirƙira," in ji Xavier Martínez Faneca, babban manajan kamfanin.
An haife su a cikin 2019 daga juzu'i na Jami'ar Polytechnic na Catalonia, tun daga lokacin sun ƙirƙiri samfura huɗu: ƙwararrun firintocin 3D guda uku daga jerin Epsilon da tebur na Sigma guda ɗaya da kuma 'yar karamar hukuma' don adana filaments. "Mun nuna cewa muna ci gaba da haɓakawa kuma ƙwararru da masu masana'antu suna buƙatar sabis na bugu na 3D don hanzarta masana'antar su akan farashi mai araha da yanke lokaci da tanadi wajen ƙirƙirar sassansu idan aka kwatanta da sauran mashin ɗin", in ji shi. .
A ranar 2 ga Maris, ta sanar da sabuwar fasahar bugu ta 3D akan kasuwa mai suna VLM kuma tana da haƙƙin mallaka kuma ta dogara ne akan resins mai ƙarfi. "Muna da niyyar kawo sauyi a kasuwannin masana'antu na duniya da wannan sabuwar fasahar da za ta ba masana'antu 'yancin cin gashin kansu," in ji Shugaba. Jeka kuma ba da damar masana'antu su kera a cikin gida. Daga cikin abokan cinikinmu a cikin FFF/FDM akwai: Nissan, Seat, BMW, Camper, NASA, MIT… kuma daga cikin abokan cinikin sabuwar fasahar VLM akwai Saint-Gobain da Prodrive.
A cikin 2018, Asturian farawa Triditive ya gabatar da Amcell, injin masana'antu mai sarrafa kansa don bugu na 3D, ɗaya akan kasuwa wanda ke ba da damar haɓaka samarwa da kuma kera polymers da karafa a lokaci guda. Mariel Díaz, darekta janar na triditive ya ce "Triditive shine layin farko na kariya daga jujjuyawar hannun jari, ya haɓaka dandamalin software wanda ke ba masu masana'anta damar yin digitize samfuran kayayyaki da sarrafa masana'anta ta atomatik, ta yadda zai kasance cikin sauri kuma cikin gida," in ji Mariel Díaz, babban darektan triditive.
Kamfanin Triditive na Asturian yana ba da injin bugun 3D mai sarrafa kansa wanda ke ba shi damar haɓaka samarwa da kera polymers da karafa a lokaci guda.
A halin yanzu sun ƙaddamar da injuna guda biyu a kasuwa, "Amcell8300, masu cikakken sarrafa kansa don samar da yawa na karafa da polymers, mai da hankali kan samar da sikeli, da Amcell1400 don kera manyan sassa," in ji shi. Ta wannan hanyar sun zama abin tunani a cikin aiki da kai da haɓakar masana'antar ƙari don ba da damar haɓaka cikin sauri da inganci a cikin layin samarwa, "don haka ƙirƙirar abin da muke kira masana'antar nan gaba, tare da fasahar da ke ba da damar masana'antu masu inganci a cikin gida", ya nuna. matashin injiniya, ɗan ƙasar Colombia.
Bugu da ƙari, kwanan nan akwai ƙaƙƙarfan ƙawance tare da Foxconn, giant ɗin lantarki na Taiwan, don buɗe firinta na 3D tare da fasahar Binder Jetting, kasancewar Bature kaɗai ya yi hakan. "Yana daya daga cikin mafi kyawun fasahar kere kere. Yana ba da damar kera sassa tare da ƙarin hadaddun geometries a cikin nau'ikan ƙarfe daban-daban a cikin sauƙi da sauri. Ana sa ran wannan fasaha za ta karu da kashi 30% nan da 2024", in ji Díaz. Abin da ya bambanta wannan fasaha daga wasu a cikin kasuwa shine haɓakar samarwa da rage farashi a cikin kera kayan aikin injiniya. Matakansa sun zaɓi haɓakawa a cikin sashin da ake kira don kawo sauyi a masana'antar.
